
Course Content
A. Sentences and Their Components
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A.08. Apply knowledge of sentence structure to improve clarity and flow in writing.
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A.09. Construct a variety of sentence types to enhance writing style and impact.
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A.01. Identify the simple subject or simple predicate of a sentence.
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A.02. Identify the complete subject or complete predicate of a sentence.
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A.03. Identify the compound subject or compound predicate of a sentence.
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A.04. Determine if a sentence is declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.
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A.05. Differentiate between dependent and independent clauses within sentences.
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A.06. Classify sentences as simple, compound, or complex based on their structure.
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A.07. Correctly identify and fix sentence fragments and run-on sentences.
B. Parts of Speech: Nouns
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B.01. Identify common and proper nouns within sentences.
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B.02. Form the plurals of nouns ending in f, fe, o, and y.
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B.03. Differentiate between singular, plural, singular possessive, and plural possessive nouns.
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B.04. Form the singular or plural possessive of nouns.
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B.05. Review and correctly form plurals of various nouns.
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B.06. Apply rules of noun plurality and possession in writing.
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B.07. Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns in context.
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B.08. Master the conventions of noun usage for clear and accurate communication.
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B.09. Explain the historical evolution of specific nouns and their changing forms.
C. Parts of Speech: Pronouns and Antecedents
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C.01. Identify pronouns and their corresponding antecedents within sentences.
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C.02. Use pronouns that agree in number and gender with their antecedents.
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C.03. Correct vague pronoun references to ensure clarity in writing.
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C.04. Identify all possible antecedents for a given pronoun.
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C.05. Correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person within a text.
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C.06. Apply knowledge of pronoun agreement to write clear and grammatically correct sentences.
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C.07. Analyze the impact of pronoun choice on the tone and style of writing.
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C.08. Demonstrate understanding of pronoun usage in complex sentence structures.
D. Parts of Speech: Pronoun Types
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D.01. Distinguish between subject and object pronouns and use them correctly.
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D.02. Use ‘I’ and ‘me’ correctly in compound subjects and objects.
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D.03. Use various pronouns correctly in compound subjects and objects.
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D.04. Use possessive pronouns to show ownership.
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D.05. Differentiate between personal and reflexive pronouns.
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D.06. Use reflexive pronouns correctly.
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D.07. Determine whether a pronoun is reflexive or intensive.
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D.08. Identify relative pronouns within sentences.
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D.09. Use relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, and that) to connect clauses.
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D.10. Select the appropriate relative pronoun (who and whom) based on grammatical function.
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D.11. Analyze the nuances of pronoun choice to refine writing style and meaning.
E. Parts of Speech: Verb Tenses
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E.01. Review irregular past tense verb forms.
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E.02. Review simple past, present, and future tense verb forms.
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E.03. Use the progressive verb tenses correctly.
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E.04. Form the progressive verb tenses accurately.
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E.05. Choose between the past tense and past participle forms of verbs.
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E.06. Use the perfect verb tenses to indicate completed actions.
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E.07. Form the perfect verb tenses correctly.
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E.08. Correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense within a piece of writing.
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E.09. Apply knowledge of verb tenses to effectively convey time and sequence in writing.
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E.10. Explore the use of verb tense to create specific moods and effects in narrative.
F. Parts of Speech: Verb Types
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F.01. Identify main verbs and helping verbs in sentences.
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F.02. Differentiate between transitive and intransitive verbs.
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F.03. Identify linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns.
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F.04. Interpret the meaning conveyed by modal verbs.
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F.05. Select and use the correct modal verb to express possibility, necessity, or permission.
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F.06. Analyze the function of different verb types in constructing meaning within sentences.
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F.07. Experiment with verb choices to enhance the impact and clarity of written communication.
G. Subject-Verb Agreement
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G.01. Use the correct subject or verb form to ensure agreement.
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G.02. Use the correct verb form with compound subjects.
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G.03. Apply rules of subject-verb agreement in complex sentences.
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G.04. Demonstrate mastery of subject-verb agreement in various writing contexts.
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G.05. Analyze the impact of subject-verb agreement errors on clarity and credibility.
H. Parts of Speech: Adjectives and Adverbs
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H.01. Identify adjectives within sentences.
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H.02. Identify adverbs within sentences.
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H.03. Use relative adverbs to connect clauses.
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H.04. Determine if a word is functioning as an adjective or an adverb.
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H.05. Choose between using adjectives and adverbs correctly.
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H.06. Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives.
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H.07. Form and use comparative and superlative adverbs.
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H.08. Use “good,” “better,” “best,” “bad,” “worse,” and “worst” correctly.
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H.09. Use “well,” “better,” “best,” “badly,” “worse,” and “worst” appropriately.
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H.10. Order adjectives correctly in a series.
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H.11. Analyze the effect of adjective and adverb choice on the tone and style of writing.
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H.12. Experiment with descriptive language to create vivid imagery and enhance reader engagement.
I. Parts of Speech: Prepositions
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I.01. Identify prepositions within sentences.
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I.02. Identify prepositions and their objects within sentences.
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I.03. Identify prepositional phrases within sentences.
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I.04. Review the function and usage of prepositions.
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I.05. Master the correct use of prepositions in various contexts.
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I.06. Analyze the impact of prepositional phrases on sentence structure and meaning.
J. Parts of Speech: Conjunctions
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J.01. Use coordinating conjunctions to connect words, phrases, and clauses.
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J.02. Identify coordinating conjunctions within sentences.
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J.03. Identify subordinating conjunctions within sentences.
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J.04. Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions.
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J.05. Fill in the missing correlative conjunction in a sentence.
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J.06. Explain the function of different types of conjunctions in connecting ideas.
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J.07. Experiment with conjunctions to create different sentence structures and rhythms.
K. Contractions
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K.01. Form and use pronoun-verb contractions correctly.
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K.02. Form and use contractions with ‘not’ correctly.
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K.03. Apply knowledge of contractions to informal and creative writing.
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K.04. Discern appropriate contexts for using contractions based on audience and purpose.
L. Punctuation
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L.01. Use commas correctly with compound and complex sentences.
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L.02. Use commas with direct addresses, introductory words, interjections, and interrupters.
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L.03. Use commas with coordinate adjectives.
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L.04. Use commas with non-restrictive elements.
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L.05. Use dashes effectively to set off information or create emphasis.
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L.06. Apply punctuation rules to enhance clarity and readability in writing.
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L.07. Analyze the impact of punctuation choices on the tone and pacing of writing.
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L.08. Explore the creative use of punctuation to add nuance and expression to written work.
M. Capitalisation
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M.01. Correct capitalization errors in written text.
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M.02. Apply capitalization rules to titles of works.
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M.03. Demonstrate mastery of capitalization conventions in various writing contexts.
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M.04. Explain the historical development of capitalization rules and their impact on literacy.
N. Formatting
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N.01. Format titles of works correctly.
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N.02. Format and capitalize titles according to standard conventions.
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N.03. Apply formatting principles to enhance the visual appeal and readability of written work.
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N.04. Discuss the role of formatting in conveying information and engaging readers.
O. Vocabulary: Prefixes and Suffixes
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O.01. Understand and use words with the prefix “pre-“.
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O.02. Understand and use words with the prefix “re-“.
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O.03. Understand and use words with the prefix “sub-“.
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O.04. Understand and use words with the prefix “mis-“.
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O.05. Understand and use words with the prefixes “un-“, “dis-“, “in-“, “im-“, and “non-“.
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O.06. Understand and use words with the suffix “-ful”.
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O.07. Understand and use words with the suffix “-less”.
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O.08. Understand and use words with the suffixes “-able” and “-ible”.
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O.09. Expand vocabulary by learning common prefixes and suffixes and their meanings.
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O.10. Analyze how prefixes and suffixes change the meaning and function of words.
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O.11. Apply knowledge of prefixes and suffixes to decipher unfamiliar words in context.
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O.12. Explore the etymology of words with prefixes and suffixes to deepen vocabulary understanding.
P. Vocabulary: Greek and Latin Roots
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P.01. Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to determine the meanings of words.
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P.02. Use the meanings of words as clues to understand the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.
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P.03. Use words as clues to determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.
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P.04. Determine the meanings of common Greek and Latin roots.
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P.05. Determine the meanings of words that contain Greek and Latin roots.
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P.06. Recognize and apply common Greek and Latin roots to expand vocabulary.
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P.07. Analyze how Greek and Latin roots contribute to the meaning of complex words.
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P.08. Use etymological knowledge to enhance reading comprehension and vocabulary retention.
Q. Vocabulary: Synonyms and Antonyms
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Q.04. Find antonyms for words within a given context.
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Q.05. Demonstrate understanding of synonyms and antonyms by identifying them in various texts.
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Q.06. Analyze the nuances of meaning between synonyms to select the most appropriate word.
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Q.07. Use synonyms and antonyms to enhance writing style and clarity.
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Q.08. Explore the cultural and historical contexts that shape the meanings of synonyms and antonyms.
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Q.01. Choose the synonym for a given word.
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Q.02. Find synonyms for words within a given context.
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Q.03. Choose the antonym for a given word.
R. Vocabulary: Homophones
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R.01. Use the correct homophone in a sentence.
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R.02. Choose the definition of a homophone that matches its usage in a sentence.
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R.03. Choose the sentence that correctly uses a given homophone based on its definition.
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R.04. Master the correct usage of common homophones in writing.
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R.05. Analyze the potential for confusion caused by homophones and strategies for avoiding errors.
S. Vocabulary: Shades of Meaning
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S.01. Describe the difference in meaning between related words.
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S.02. Identify words with positive and negative connotations.
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S.03. Analyze the subtle differences in meaning between related words.
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S.04. Explain how connotation affects the emotional impact of language.
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S.05. Use shades of meaning effectively to enhance writing precision and impact.
T. Vocabulary: Analogies
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T.01. Complete and solve analogies.
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T.02. Solve challenging analogies that require deeper understanding of relationships.
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T.03. Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing relationships between words.
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T.04. Construct and explain the reasoning behind different types of analogies.
U. Vocabulary: Context Clues
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U.01. Identify the meanings of words using context clues within a passage.
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U.02. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms found in context.
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U.03. Determine the meaning of words using antonyms found in context.
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U.04. Use context to identify the meaning of unfamiliar words.
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U.05. Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with the help of pictures.
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U.06. Apply context clues to decipher the meanings of unfamiliar words in various texts.
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U.07. Analyze how different types of context clues contribute to understanding.
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U.08. Develop strategies for using context clues to improve reading comprehension.
V. Vocabulary: Reference Skills
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V.01. Arrange words in alphabetical order.
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V.02. Use guide words to locate entries in a dictionary.
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V.03. Interpret information presented in dictionary entries.
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V.04. Select the appropriate dictionary definition for a word based on its context.
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V.05. Use thesaurus entries to find synonyms and antonyms.
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V.06. Master the use of reference materials to enhance vocabulary and understanding.
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V.07. Analyze the structure and features of different types of reference materials.
W. Writing Strategies: Organising Writing
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W.01. Order topics from broadest to narrowest to create a logical structure.
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W.02. Organise information effectively by topic to improve clarity.
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W.03. Use transitions with conjunctive adverbs to connect ideas smoothly.
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W.04. Apply organisational strategies to create well-structured and coherent writing.
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W.05. Analyze the effectiveness of different organisational patterns in various writing contexts.
X. Writing Strategies: Developing and Supporting Arguments
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X.01. Distinguish facts from opinions in written arguments.
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X.02. Choose relevant evidence to support a claim effectively.
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X.03. Identify supporting details in informational texts.
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X.04. Identify supporting details in literary texts.
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X.05. Identify counterclaims presented in arguments.
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X.06. Develop strong arguments by providing clear claims and supporting evidence.
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X.07. Analyze the structure and elements of persuasive writing.
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X.08. Evaluate the credibility and relevance of evidence used in arguments.
Y. Writing Strategies: Creative Techniques
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Y.01. Use personification effectively to enhance creative writing.
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Y.02. Explore various creative writing techniques to enhance expression and imagination.
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Y.03. Analyze the impact of creative techniques on the tone and style of writing.
Z. Writing Strategies: Editing and Revising
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Z.01. Use the correct form of frequently confused words.
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Z.02. Correct errors involving frequently confused words.
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Z.03. Suggest appropriate revisions to improve the clarity and effectiveness of writing.
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Z.04. Apply editing and revision strategies to refine written work.
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Z.05. Analyze the impact of editing and revision on the overall quality of writing.
AA. Writing Strategies: Research Skills
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AA.01. Identify and correct instances of plagiarism in written work.
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AA.02. Apply research skills to gather and synthesize information effectively.
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AA.03. Understand and adhere to ethical standards for research and citation.
BB. Reading Strategies: Main Idea
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BB.01. Determine the main idea of a passage.
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BB.02. Synthesize information from a text to formulate a concise statement of the main idea.
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BB.03. Analyze how the main idea is developed and supported throughout a passage.
CC. Reading Strategies: Theme
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CC.01. Match quotations with their corresponding themes.
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CC.02. Determine the themes of short stories.
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CC.03. Analyze the development of themes in literature and their connection to broader social and cultural contexts.
DD. Reading Strategies: Author’s Purpose and Tone
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DD.01. Identify which sentence is more formal in tone.
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DD.02. Compare passages to analyze differences in tone.
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DD.03. Identify the author’s purpose in writing a passage.
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DD.04. Analyze how the author’s purpose and tone influence the reader’s interpretation of a text.
EE. Reading Strategies: Point of View
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EE.01. Determine the author’s point of view in a given text.
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EE.02. Analyze how point of view shapes the narrative and influences the reader’s perspective.
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EE.03. Compare and contrast different points of view and their effects on storytelling.
FF. Reading Strategies: Text Structure
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FF.01. Compare and contrast information presented in informational texts.
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FF.02. Match causes and effects in informational texts.
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FF.03. Match problems with their corresponding solutions in a text.
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FF.04. Identify different text structures used in various types of writing.
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FF.05. Analyze how text structure contributes to the organization and clarity of information.
GG. Reading Strategies: Literary Devices
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GG.01. Interpret figures of speech used in literature.
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GG.02. Classify different types of figures of speech.
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GG.03. Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone.
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GG.04. Explain the use of literary devices in enhancing the emotional and aesthetic impact of a text.
HH. Reading Strategies: Analysing Literature
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HH.01. Analyse short stories to understand their themes, characters, and plot.
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HH.02. Critically evaluate literary works to assess their strengths and weaknesses.
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HH.03. Compare and contrast different literary interpretations to develop informed opinions.
II. Reading Strategies: Analysing Informational Texts
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II.01. Read and understand informational passages effectively.
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II.02. Trace the development of an argument in an informational text.
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II.03. Summarize and synthesize information from informational texts to draw conclusions.
JJ. Reading Strategies: Comparing Texts
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JJ.01. Compare two texts with different genres to identify similarities and differences.
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JJ.02. Analyze the impact of genre conventions on the style and content of different texts.
KK. Reading Strategies: Visual Elements
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KK.01. Compare illustrations of literary and historical subjects to analyze their interpretations.
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KK.02. Analyze the use of visual elements in conveying meaning and emotion.
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KK.03. Evaluate the effectiveness of visual representations in different contexts.